Test report is a document that records the data obtained from testing (lab) performed in a manner that is well organized and explains the physical and chemical properties of oil products and show the comparison between the test results with the standard. 

Certificate of Quality are generally issued by the seller or a third party, where that certificate shows or describes grade and quality of a particular product. The certificate binding for the buyer and seller who has made approval of a handover / fuel transactions.

There are several types of fuel that is often used in coal mining industries, such as, Biodiesel, Diesel, Pertamina Dex and Gasoline.

Cetane number is a trait that shows the quality of combustion or ignition of fuel for diesel engines. In a diesel engine, particularly high-speed diesel engines, in general, a fuel with a higher Cetane Number which will provide better combustion than fuel with a Cetane Number lower.

Pour Point (Cloud Point).

Biodiesel can be made from a variety of renewable raw materials such as vegetable oils (from palm oil plant, maize, soya beans and other crops), cooking oil or animal fat. Various types of raw materials that can be used to produce a mixture of chemical compounds called fatty acid methyl ester. Biodiesel itself, one of them is this fatty acid methyl ester.

Biodiesel mixture containing 20% or lower than 20% will not have much affect for the performance of diesel engines. Some operators or users Biodiesel mixtures which containing 20% or lower, feel a reduction in exhaust emissions of soot, CO (Carbon Monoxide) and HC (hydrocarbons) lower. Higher biodiesel mixture will reduce fuel economy, torque and power, but will produce emissions of PM (Particulate Matter), HC (hydrocarbon) and CO (Carbon Monoxide) lower. While specific NOx emissions sector is likely to increase.

Original Equipment Manufacturer / OEM / ATPM generally provide a guarantee (warranty) against the engine material and the workmanship of their products. The warranty does not cover the damage caused by external conditions, such as fuel. Therefore, if the engine is using biodiesel get the damage which doesn’t not related to the use of biodiesel, then the damage should still be guaranteed by the OEM warranty. Some countries prohibit retraction warranty is only for the use of biodiesel, unless if biodiesel cause the damage to the engine. In the case of engine failure that really caused by the use of biodiesel (or any other external conditions, such as a bad quality of fuel) then the damage will not be guaranteed by the OEM. Opinion OEMs to mix biodiesel and the different levels, and can be studied on the each of OEM manual book. One website that can help you is the NBB Web site (www.biodiesel.org)

Based on the experience of the operator, use a mix of up to 20% biodiesel mixed with regular diesel does not require engine modifications. The use of higher biodiesel mixture might require an easy modifications or needed attention and special research, mainly on seals, gaskets and other engine parts. Some of OEMs recommend installation a tank heater and the heater drain / filter the fuel when using biodiesel mixture greater than 20%, when operating at cold temperatures.

STS is distribution fuel from mother vessel to carrier vessel, commonly STS do on calm sea (bay) due to high risk.

ATG is measurement equipment which are install on vertical storage tank and vessel tank, the main function is measure the level of empty space (ullage). Measurement is real time and we can control stock directly.

 “Overfill Protection Devices tank for avoid over flow the fuel from error operation.”  Examples include float valve shut off devices, audible or visible overfill alarm systems, automatic sensing and shut-off devices.

Inline blending is continue fuel mixing process  and the result mixing is homogenous product with standard quality. The process is injected some product (small quantity like fame) through main pipe and will created homogenous new product.

Loco, Franco and VHS are type of fuel transaction in Pertamina.

1. Loco is fuel transaction using flow meter on Jetty Pertamina Fuel Terminal for custody transfer.
2. Franco is fuel transaction using flow meter on Pertamina ship carrier (handling agent-on behalf of Pertamina)

VHS (Vendor Held Stock) is fuel transaction using flow meter in customer terminal for custody transfer. Fuel management is under Pertamina handling agent.

Electrical equipment defined and certified explosion/flame proof. This equipment are safe if we use on restricted area and contain explosive gas.

Pigging Operation is one of operation for emptying pipe or cleaning pipe from others material using foam pig/coated pig and pressing it using nitrogen or pressurize plan air.

Stripping is one of operation for emptying pipe or tank using pump (commonly portable pump like air pump).

TOV is total volume liquid which is calculated including sludge and free water.

GOV is Total Observe liquid minus free water (if free water can’t drained) if no free water figure GOV is same with figure TOV.

GSV is figure Gross Volume corrected with Volume Correction Factor (VCF), value VCF are depend from density and temperature. GSV is declared in 15 C.